Obesity 2 degrees: features, methods of drug treatment and the role of nutrition

Essence

The main indicator that characterizes the disease of the second degree is a BMI ranging from 35 to 39.9 kg/m2. Body mass index can be calculated independently using the formula:

I = m/h2

Weight (m) is taken in kilograms and divided by height (h) squared (unit of measurement - meter).

Obesity of the 2nd degree in women in their youth is the result of banal overeating and low physical activity. After 35 years, a slow metabolism becomes a provoking factor. But more often, the cause is hormonal imbalance. The disease develops according to the genoid type (gluteofemoral), the body type is pear.

The disease is diagnosed less frequently in men. Their bodies are not as prone to storing fat as women's. The reasons are the consumption of high-calorie foods and physical inactivity. Passion for alcoholic drinks, especially beer. The pathology develops according to the abdominal type, the figure is an apple.

Obesity in children under one and a half years of age develops either due to hereditary and genetic factors, or due to the fault of their parents. Frequent causes are a passion for formula milk and improper introduction of complementary foods. One of the most critical stages is puberty, when the body responds inadequately to hormonal changes. The disease develops according to a mixed type.

Obesity levels

The very fact that a child is obese or overweight is determined by body mass index.
This indicator is calculated very easily: you need to divide your weight by your height raised to the second power. The resulting number is estimated in accordance with the tables. For boys

For girls

For children under one year old, average height and weight indicators are used.

The amount of BMI deviation from the norm determines the degree of obesity in a child:

Statistics show that most often children experience grade 1 and 2 obesity.

Causes

The main reason for the development of stage 2 obesity is the neglect of the initial stage of the disease.

Provoking external and internal factors are:

• viruses;
• hormonal disorders: endocrine diseases, consequences of intoxication, complications after traumatic brain injury, infectious factor;
• iodine deficiency;
• hereditary predisposition to obesity;
• lack of thyroid hormones;
• poor nutrition;
• lack of sleep;
• lack of physical activity;
• taking psychotropic drugs;
• stress.

If the reasons depend only on the person himself, then recovery will be the work of only his hands. Improve your diet, exercise, get rid of worries - all this is possible. It is much more difficult for those whose pathology is caused by various diseases. First you will have to treat them, but not all of them can be treated.

Signs

People prone to obesity are always worried whether they have moved from one stage of the disease to another, asking how to distinguish between them and how many kg is considered a critical mark.

The second degree can be recognized by the following characteristics:

• hypertension;
• noticeable fullness, a blurry figure with a protruding tummy or a weighted pelvis;
• BMI more than 35;
• general weakness;
• limitation of physical activity and work activity;
• dyspnea;
• swelling;
• bad feeling;
• increased sweating;
• tachycardia.

Each of these symptoms individually cannot be a sign of stage 2 obesity, but together they make up the clinical picture of the disease. Only a doctor can clarify and make a final diagnosis.

Treatment of nutritional obesity

You can calculate your body mass index yourself. To do this, you need to measure your exact weight and height, then divide your weight by your height squared. If your BMI is above 30, you urgently need treatment for nutritional obesity. As a rule, treatment consists of prescribing the right diet that suits the body, as well as physical exercise. People who cannot engage in intensive training due to too much weight may be prescribed walking and water aerobics, and those who can already engage in more active sports may be prescribed visits to the gym and running.

Nutrition

The first thing that needs to be changed with such a diagnosis is nutrition. You need to understand that this is not just excess weight, but a serious disease. Therefore, it is important to lose weight correctly, and not rush to express hunger strikes, which will only worsen the situation.

The menu should be balanced, varied, but low in calories. The recommended diet for obesity of the 2nd degree is dietary table No. 8 according to Pevzner.

To eat properly, you need to adhere to the following recommendations:

• include a large amount of plant fiber in the diet;
• choose low-fat dairy products;
• cook only low-calorie dishes;
• eat black or bran bread;
• For oils, give preference to vegetable ones;
• exclude from the diet sweet carbonated and alcoholic drinks, sweets, fatty meats and fish, sausages and smoked products, canned food, pickles, hot seasonings and sauces;
• minimize daily salt intake;
• do not eat fried foods;
• always eat at the same time, 5-6 times a day;
• daily caloric intake - 1,200 (norm for women) - 1,500 kcal (for men);
• regularly arrange fasting days (2-3 times a month);
• reduce portion sizes;
• fruits should be unsweetened.

Proper nutrition for overweight is an essential part of comprehensive treatment. Without it, therapy is unlikely to be effective.

Recommendations

Behavioral therapy plays an important role in the treatment of stage 2 obesity. The results will depend on how great the patient’s desire is to lose weight and get healthy.

In this regard, persons suffering from this pathology are strongly recommended to reconsider and change their lifestyle:

• move more: actively clean the house, refuse the elevator, walk;
• breathe fresh air: walk, ventilate rooms, go out into nature;
• use all elements of complex therapy for obesity;
• minimize stress and anxiety;
• find reliable motivation for losing weight;
• give up alcohol and smoking;
• undergo treatment with antidepressants if the reason lies in an unhealthy mental state;
• make sports activities regular: sign up for a swimming pool, organize bike rides in the morning exercises;
• sleep at least 8 hours;
• strictly follow all doctor’s recommendations.

Physical activity is especially important, without which any, even the most effective diet, will not give good results.

Diagnosis for obesity

During the examination, the endocrinologist evaluates the patient’s symptoms, measures weight and height, estimates the body mass index, and compares them with normal values.

To determine the cause of excess body weight, an examination is carried out, which may include:

• Ultrasound of endocrine glands, abdominal organs;
• blood tests for various hormones;
• computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and others.

The multidisciplinary CELT clinic has modern, high-quality diagnostic equipment that allows you to obtain accurate results.

Treatment

In addition to the above, treatment of stage 2 obesity involves the prescription of medications and surgical intervention.

It cannot be said that taking pills in this situation is a panacea that will allow you to lose 20 kg per month and turn a chubby woman into a model. Even doctors themselves doubt their effectiveness. And, nevertheless, without these drugs, the process of losing weight will be even slower. Usually 2 groups of medications work well.

• Anorexics

They act directly on the human brain - on the saturation center in the hypothalamus. They dull hunger, reduce appetite, and help withstand any food restrictions. Reduxin, Lindaxa, Merilia, Goldline, Slimia. They may recommend tablets containing amfepramone (Fepranon) or phenylpropanolamine (Dietrin).

• Fat and carbohydrate blockers

Prevents the absorption of fats and carbohydrates in the intestines, which cause weight gain. In case of obesity of the 2nd degree, it gives a decent result in combination with diet and sports. The most popular drugs with orlistat as the main active ingredient are: XenicaleXenical, Orsoten, Listata. Dietary supplements, such as Chitosan, are less effective.

In the most advanced cases, drug therapy is not limited to, as surgical intervention will also be required. If other methods have failed, and obesity threatens life-threatening complications, bariatric surgery is prescribed - gastric bypass or banding. Liposuction provides only a temporary effect.

With the permission of a doctor, you can use folk remedies - diuretics and fat-burning herbs. Proper use of decoctions is not often, but still gives an effect.

Methods for treating obesity

Consequences of obesity

The main directions in the treatment of obesity are the following:

• Diet therapy. In the patient’s diet, it is necessary to limit the amount of fats, carbohydrates, and calories as much as possible, while protein may not be limited.
• Therapeutic exercise and normal physical activity. Obese patients should definitely exercise. Swimming has a beneficial effect on weight loss.
• There are special medications to reduce appetite and weight. They should be taken carefully and only under the supervision of a doctor.
• Medicines are prescribed whose action is aimed at the original cause of the disease, as well as at the correction of obesity-related diseases.
• If indicated, surgical treatment of obesity is used.

The multidisciplinary CELT clinic today practices all modern methods of treating various forms of obesity. You can read in detail about surgical treatment methods here.

Make an appointment through the application or by calling +7 +7 We work every day:

• Monday—Friday: 8.00—20.00
• Saturday: 8.00–18.00
• Sunday is a day off

The nearest metro and MCC stations to the clinic:

• Highway of Enthusiasts or Perovo
• Partisan
• Enthusiast Highway

Driving directions

Complications

Since visceral fat puts pressure on many internal organs, their functioning is slowed down or impaired.

If left untreated and unmonitored by doctors, type 2 obesity can lead to the following health problems:

• gastrointestinal diseases - pancreatitis with complications;
• gallbladder pathologies (diagnosed most often in women);
• haemorrhoids;
• fatty hepatosis (with the visceral type of the disease);
• hypertension: pressure is 20-25 mm Hg above normal. Art.;
• diabetes mellitus type II (with the abdominal type of the disease);
• cardiac ischemia, myocardial infarction;
• varicose veins, formation of blood clots in blood vessels;
• difficulty breathing, pulmonary hypoventilation syndrome, apnea;
• diseases of the musculoskeletal system: gout, osteoarthritis, scoliosis, flat feet;
• problems in sexual life and reproductive sphere - impotence and infertility.

This diagnosis is also dangerous during pregnancy—the risk of developing complications in the early stages and anemia and respiratory diseases in the later stages increases by almost 80%.

Obesity of the 2nd degree is not a death sentence and is not nearly as dangerous as the last stage of the pathology. And at the same time, it is much more serious than the initial stage of the disease. Therefore, it is so important to notice weight gain in a timely manner and begin measures to slow down this process. The sooner treatment is started, the less chance there will be of harming your own health in the future.

Obesity symptoms

Obesity in children

The main symptom of obesity is excess fat deposits under the skin and around internal organs. Depending on the amount of adipose tissue and weight gain, there are 4 degrees of obesity. Overweight patients may experience a variety of symptoms. A large amount of fat deposits negatively affects the functioning of the cardiovascular system: it is difficult for the heart to pump blood through all the fat.

Adipose tissue is an additional burden on bones and joints. People who are overweight are more likely to develop arthrosis and arthritis, spinal osteochondrosis, and bone deformities.

Adipose tissue produces female sex hormones. As a result, an increased amount of female sex hormones is present in the body of an obese man.

An endocrinologist deals with the diagnosis and treatment of obesity. The multidisciplinary CELT clinic employs experienced specialists.