For several decades now, the Dukan diet has been one of the most popular in the world. It all started with the fact that in the mid-70s, French physician Pierre Dukan diagnosed obesity in another patient who came to him. At that time, this disease was treated by eating low-calorie foods in very modest quantities. Dukan decided to develop a fundamentally different nutritional system that would not only help people lose weight without a constant feeling of hunger, but also in the future, without effort, maintain a good figure.
Basic principles of the diet
Reducing calories will never lead to good results! – this is what the author of the diet himself has repeatedly stated. He explained his point of view by saying that as soon as a person returns to a normal diet, the weight returns again. That is why Dukan developed a diet where the body first burns excess fat tissue and then stops accumulating it altogether.
You are not in danger of hunger. This principle is especially popular with those who have experimented with tiny portions on other diets. Pierre Dukan forbids limiting himself in the amount of food he eats.
The choice is huge. Even the most sophisticated gourmet will find something that suits him perfectly in the list of permitted products. If you decide to “Ducan,” then you should always have a table of what you can eat in front of you. This is a hundred products, of which 72 are classified as protein and 28 as vegetable. And it’s up to you to decide which ones to choose and how often to eat them.
Total purge. Before starting a diet, it is recommended to get rid of all foods that are not on the list of permitted ones. Put sugar, buns and sweets out of sight, throw away stale cereals and pasta, clean the refrigerator of harmful mayonnaise, ketchup and sauces, forget about cheese and sausages, which are of no use. If you don’t come across any forbidden, and therefore so desirable, “goodies”, then it will be much easier to steal.
Bran is required. There is hardly a person who will eat oat bran with pleasure. But, alas, you cannot do without this product. Oat bran should be on the menu every day, because they:
- help you feel full faster;
- cleanses the intestines of toxins;
- help remove food debris.
Of all types of bran, oat bran is considered the most useful.
Movement is life! Don't worry, on the Dukan diet you won't have to sweat for hours in the gym, torture yourself with a dull lap swim in the pool, or put your leg behind your ear in yoga class. Physical activity with the described method of losing weight is very, very moderate, but mandatory. Daily 20-minute walks will speed up your metabolism, cause fat to be broken down faster, and keep your muscles toned. If you feel that this time is not enough for you, you can gradually increase the duration. It is important that physical activity brings joy. During the third stage of the diet, you can add morning exercises or a light set of exercises for the most “problem” areas on the body.
Vitamins are necessary. To reduce the stress of changing your diet and slightly support your body as it rebuilds, you need to take vitamins regularly. Since vegetables and fruits are completely excluded during the attack stage, it’s time to start drinking a multivitamin complex, but strictly follow the dosage indicated on the package.
Dukan sausage recipe. Calorie, chemical composition and nutritional value.
Nutritional value and chemical composition of Dukan sausage.
The table shows the nutritional content (calories, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals) per 100 grams of edible portion.
Nutrient | Quantity | Norm** | % of the norm in 100 g | % of the norm in 100 kcal | 100% normal |
Calorie content | 263.7 kcal | 1684 kcal | 15.7% | 6% | 639 g |
Squirrels | 17.7 g | 76 g | 23.3% | 8.8% | 429 g |
Fats | 19.7 g | 56 g | 35.2% | 13.3% | 284 g |
Carbohydrates | 6.1 g | 219 g | 2.8% | 1.1% | 3590 g |
Alimentary fiber | 2.2 g | 20 g | 11% | 4.2% | 909 g |
Water | 5.3 g | 2273 g | 0.2% | 0.1% | 42887 g |
Ash | 0.3996 g | ~ | |||
Vitamins | |||||
Vitamin A, RE | 14.5 mcg | 900 mcg | 1.6% | 0.6% | 6207 g |
Retinol | 0.014 mg | ~ | |||
beta carotene | 0.003 mg | 5 mg | 0.1% | 166667 g | |
Lutein + Zeaxanthin | 10.6888 mcg | ~ | |||
Vitamin B1, thiamine | 0.1 mg | 1.5 mg | 6.7% | 2.5% | 1500 g |
Vitamin B2, riboflavin | 0.046 mg | 1.8 mg | 2.6% | 1% | 3913 g |
Vitamin B4, choline | 17.16 mg | 500 mg | 3.4% | 1.3% | 2914 g |
Vitamin B5, pantothenic | 0.168 mg | 5 mg | 3.4% | 1.3% | 2976 g |
Vitamin B6, pyridoxine | 0.022 mg | 2 mg | 1.1% | 0.4% | 9091 g |
Vitamin B9, folates | 4.122 mcg | 400 mcg | 1% | 0.4% | 9704 g |
Vitamin B12, cobalamin | 0.029 mcg | 3 mcg | 1% | 0.4% | 10345 g |
Vitamin D, calciferol | 0.123 mcg | 10 mcg | 1.2% | 0.5% | 8130 g |
Vitamin E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 0.464 mg | 15 mg | 3.1% | 1.2% | 3233 g |
beta tocopherol | 0.0048 mg | ~ | |||
delta tocopherol | 0.0059 mg | ~ | |||
Vitamin H, biotin | 1.175 mcg | 50 mcg | 2.4% | 0.9% | 4255 g |
Vitamin K, phylloquinone | 0.2 mcg | 120 mcg | 0.2% | 0.1% | 60000 g |
Vitamin RR, NE | 0.7264 mg | 20 mg | 3.6% | 1.4% | 2753 g |
Niacin | 0.351 mg | ~ | |||
Betaine | 1.1639 mg | ~ | |||
Macronutrients | |||||
Potassium, K | 81.73 mg | 2500 mg | 3.3% | 1.3% | 3059 g |
Calcium, Ca | 11.4 mg | 1000 mg | 1.1% | 0.4% | 8772 g |
Silicon, Si | 0.095 mg | 30 mg | 0.3% | 0.1% | 31579 g |
Magnesium, Mg | 28.31 mg | 400 mg | 7.1% | 2.7% | 1413 g |
Sodium, Na | 8.03 mg | 1300 mg | 0.6% | 0.2% | 16189 g |
Sera, S | 11.49 mg | 1000 mg | 1.1% | 0.4% | 8703 g |
Phosphorus, P | 84.6 mg | 800 mg | 10.6% | 4% | 946 g |
Chlorine, Cl | 9.18 mg | 2300 mg | 0.4% | 0.2% | 25054 g |
Microelements | |||||
Aluminium, Al | 24.9 mcg | ~ | |||
Bor, B | 0.9 mcg | ~ | |||
Vanadium, V | 2.14 mcg | ~ | |||
Iron, Fe | 0.905 mg | 18 mg | 5% | 1.9% | 1989 |
Yod, I | 1.15 mcg | 150 mcg | 0.8% | 0.3% | 13043 g |
Cobalt, Co | 0.596 mcg | 10 mcg | 6% | 2.3% | 1678 g |
Manganese, Mn | 0.3495 mg | 2 mg | 17.5% | 6.6% | 572 g |
Copper, Cu | 30.94 mcg | 1000 mcg | 3.1% | 1.2% | 3232 g |
Molybdenum, Mo | 0.632 mcg | 70 mcg | 0.9% | 0.3% | 11076 g |
Nickel, Ni | 0.052 mcg | ~ | |||
Tin, Sn | 0.12 mcg | ~ | |||
Selenium, Se | 4.596 mcg | 55 mcg | 8.4% | 3.2% | 1197 g |
Titanium, Ti | 0.26 mcg | ~ | |||
Fluorine, F | 3.59 mcg | 4000 mcg | 0.1% | 111421 g | |
Chromium, Cr | 0.28 mcg | 50 mcg | 0.6% | 0.2% | 17857 g |
Zinc, Zn | 0.2633 mg | 12 mg | 2.2% | 0.8% | 4558 g |
Digestible carbohydrates | |||||
Starch and dextrins | 1.888 g | ~ | |||
Mono- and disaccharides (sugars) | 0.3 g | max 100 g | |||
Essential amino acids | |||||
Arginine* | 0.12 g | ~ | |||
Valin | 0.1002 g | ~ | |||
Histidine* | 0.0433 g | ~ | |||
Isoleucine | 0.0732 g | ~ | |||
Leucine | 0.1419 g | ~ | |||
Lysine | 0.0954 g | ~ | |||
Methionine | 0.0433 g | ~ | |||
Methionine + Cysteine | 0.0402 g | ~ | |||
Threonine | 0.0639 g | ~ | |||
Tryptophan | 0.0311 g | ~ | |||
Phenylalanine | 0.0902 g | ~ | |||
Phenylalanine+Tyrosine | 0.0631 g | ~ | |||
Nonessential amino acids | |||||
Alanin | 0.0914 g | ~ | |||
Aspartic acid | 0.1622 g | ~ | |||
Glycine | 0.0797 g | ~ | |||
Glutamic acid | 0.3214 g | ~ | |||
Proline | 0.0806 g | ~ | |||
Serin | 0.1048 g | ~ | |||
Tyrosine | 0.0665 g | ~ | |||
Cysteine | 0.0504 g | ~ | |||
Sterols (sterols) | |||||
Cholesterol | 31.82 mg | max 300 mg | |||
Saturated fatty acids | |||||
Saturated fatty acids | 0.3 g | max 18.7 g | |||
12:0 Lauric | 0.0015 g | ~ | |||
14:0 Miristinovaya | 0.0032 g | ~ | |||
15:0 Pentadecane | 0.0006 g | ~ | |||
16:0 Palmitinaya | 0.1814 g | ~ | |||
17:0 Margarine | 0.0017 g | ~ | |||
18:0 Stearic | 0.0533 g | ~ | |||
20:0 Arakhinovaya | 0.0017 g | ~ | |||
Monounsaturated fatty acids | 0.4185 g | min 16.8 g | 2.5% | 0.9% | |
16:1 Palmitoleic | 0.0226 g | ~ | |||
17:1 Heptadecene | 0.0006 g | ~ | |||
18:1 Oleic (omega-9) | 0.3686 g | ~ | |||
20:1 Gadoleic (omega-9) | 0.0022 g | ~ | |||
Polyunsaturated fatty acids | 0.2346 g | from 11.2 to 20.6 g | 2.1% | 0.8% | |
18:2 Linolevaya | 0.2185 g | ~ | |||
18:3 Linolenic | 0.0105 g | ~ | |||
20:4 Arachidonic | 0.0056 g | ~ | |||
Omega-6 fatty acids | 0.2 g | from 4.7 to 16.8 g | 4.3% | 1.6% |
The energy value of Dukan sausage is 263.7 kcal.
Primary Source: Created in the application by the user. Read more.
** This table shows the average levels of vitamins and minerals for an adult. If you want to know the norms taking into account your gender, age and other factors, then use the “My Healthy Diet” application.
Advantages and disadvantages of the Dukan diet
Flaws:
The Dukan diet is contraindicated for people with gastritis, ulcers and other stomach diseases.
- In the first days of a diet, people usually feel a loss of energy. Fatigue is not the body’s reaction to a poor diet and increased physical activity, since all this is not provided for in the diet. Apathy and reluctance to get up from the couch again are psychological manifestations of purely physiological processes: the amount of ketone bodies in the body has increased, the amount of vitamins has decreased.
- If you don't like to cook, then the limited number of products and the almost complete absence of additives will make you think about the need for a diet, and maybe even make you move away from it altogether.
- Choosing approved foods for people with allergies or individual intolerances can be a problem, so it is better to consult a doctor before starting a diet.
- If you have a sweet tooth, then the decision to give up your favorite desserts can lead you to depression. But this is nothing more than a trick of the brain. It is important to set yourself up to give up sweets for a while and after reaching your ideal weight, you can still occasionally treat yourself to a little ice cream or chocolate.
Advantages:
- You independently choose your favorite foods from the list of healthy ones, decide when and in what quantity to eat them.
- The Dukan diet is always a guaranteed result if you manage to adhere to all the rules and requirements and avoid failures.
- Fast and solid results at the first, “attacking” stage.
- The diet is easy to follow both at home and at work. Even a rich buffet at the resort will delight you with a considerable number of permitted dishes.
Stage “Cruise”: protein-carbohydrate alternation to achieve ideal weight
The “Cruise” phase ─ the most important stage of the Dukan diet, consists of alternating protein-vegetable and purely protein days. It is during this period that most weight loss occurs. Pierre Dukan recommends sticking to the ratio of 1 BO and 1 BW.
Weekly menu for the “Alternation” phase
Nice bonus! In order not to fall out of social life, Dr. Dukan allows his followers, starting from the “Alternation” phase, to sometimes allow themselves a glass of dry wine. The weakening should be compensated by prescribing 20 minutes of intense physical activity or brisk walking.
Cooking recipes for the attack phase
Fragrant mackerel baked in the oven
To prepare this dish you will need:
- mackerel carcass;
- lemon;
- greens (parsley, dill, cilantro);
- salt;
- black pepper;
- baking foil.
Wash the mackerel under running water, separate the head, clean the carcass from the insides, rinse again under the tap, and place on a paper napkin to remove excess water. After a few minutes, stuff the belly of the fish with herbs and sprinkle lemon juice inside and out. Add salt and pepper to taste. Wrap the mackerel in foil to ensure there are no gaps where juice can leak. Place the product in an oven preheated to 180 degrees and cook for 20-25 minutes.
A simple recipe for cheesecakes
Required ingredients:
- 1 pack of low-fat cottage cheese;
- 1 chicken egg;
- 4 tablespoons of water;
- 2 tablespoons flaxseeds;
- 2 tablespoons cornstarch;
- sweetener;
- vanillin;
- a pinch of salt.
Using a blender or coffee grinder, grind the flax seeds to make flour. Mix all ingredients. Form cheesecakes from the resulting homogeneous mass. Place them in baking dishes or on foil spread on a baking sheet. Pre-grease the molds or foil with a small amount of any vegetable oil. Place in the oven for 20 minutes, baking at 190 degrees. Hot cheesecakes with yogurt or low-fat sour cream are especially tasty.
Homemade chicken sausage in cling film. Ingredients
How to cook chicken sausage with gelatin
- Then leave the sausages in the water for another 15 minutes, only then remove and let cool completely.
- Place the cooled packages in the refrigerator for at least 6 hours, usually overnight. After this time, you can carefully remove the film from the sausage. To serve, cut into slices about 1 cm thick.
Rinse the chicken; if you are not using fillet, use a sharp knife to separate the meat from the bones and cut it into small pieces of approximately the same size.
Grind the garlic in a mill or press, wash the vegetables and cut into small cubes, separate the greens from the stems and chop finely.
Place chicken pieces, prepared vegetables, herbs, salt, spices into one cup and add gelatin. Mix very well. The next stage is one of the most important when preparing homemade chicken sausage. You need to form the sausages and pack them very tightly and hermetically in cling film. Naturally, it is better to use thick cling film. It is convenient to divide this amount of minced meat into two sausages. Place the meat on the film, wrap the sausage tightly in one layer, twist the ends well. Wrap the top tightly with another piece of film several times, and tie the ends tightly with thread. To be on the safe side, especially if your hand is not yet “stuffed,” tie the entire sausage lengthwise crosswise with thread.
In a saucepan of a suitable size, bring water to a boil, place the packages in it and cook for one hour, turning very carefully during cooking.
Phase “Consolidation”: consolidation of the results obtained
Once your ideal weight is reached, there is a strong temptation to rest on your laurels and return to your old eating habits. But it's not time to relax yet. The achieved results must be consolidated to prevent a rollback to the original body weight. Monsieur Dukan offers a clear nutrition algorithm that allows you to adapt to your new weight.
During the third stage of the diet, carbohydrate and fatty foods are gradually added to the diet. This means that in addition to proteins and vegetables, fruits and berries appear on the menu in the size of one serving (except for bananas, cherries and grapes).
You can also eat pork, 2 slices of bran or grain bread and 40 g of cheese per day. In addition, at this stage, Dukan members are allowed to treat themselves to 1 serving of starchy foods and 1 holiday meal per week in the first half of Consolidation. And 2 servings of starchy foods and 2 holiday meals per week in the second half of this phase.
Pasta, cereals, lentils, and potatoes can be consumed as starch-containing foods. In order not to give up your won positions, you need to leave 1 purely protein day per week.
Weekly menu for the “Consolidation” phase
The fourth stage ─ final weight stabilization
Most of those who have tried at least one diet are faced with the fact that after the restrictions are lifted, the weight increases again. Dr. Dukan's nutrition protocol will help you maintain a slim figure throughout your life. To do this, you need to avoid the elevator or walk briskly for at least 20 minutes a day. And also eat a pure protein diet one day a week. One protein day a week will neutralize all nutritional disorders and protect against weight gain. In addition, you should consume 3 tablespoons of oat bran per day throughout your life. This habit will help you avoid overeating and improve your health.
Diet sausage. Chicken breast sausages
Sausages are a familiar dish for many, but store-bought sausages can hardly be called healthy. However, this does not mean that you must avoid them; you can, for example, prepare natural dietary sausages from chicken fillet, which will not only be made from guaranteed quality products, but will also help you lose weight.
PP chicken breast sausages
What are the benefits of chicken sausages?
Why are chicken breast sausages recommended for PP?
- Chicken breast sausages are much healthier than regular sausages. They are lower in calories, and by preparing them at home, you can be sure of the quality of the products.
- As already mentioned in the corresponding article, chicken breast contains many useful substances, including the most important amino acids, protein and vitamin B. It has a beneficial effect on the nervous and cardiovascular systems, supports the immune system and improves emotional well-being. All these properties are preserved when preparing sausages.
- Preparing the dish does not take much time, besides, sausages can be prepared in large quantities and they will last for a long time. Chicken breast sausages have a pleasant taste and are also healthy. In addition, there are a large number of recipes from which you can choose the one you like best.
Chicken breast sausage recipe
There are many recipes for making chicken breast sausages; below is the most simple and “basic” one, in which you can change anything to change the taste.
- The fillets are washed, dried and pitted, cut into small pieces.
- Mince is made from the breast using a meat grinder or blender.
- Spices are added to the minced meat, for example, finely chopped onion, which can also be chopped using a blender. Add to the minced meat and mix.
- If desired, you can add one or two eggs to the mixture, which will improve the taste and allow the sausages to better hold their shape.
- Next, add cream - there is no need to replace it with milk, otherwise the sausages will turn out liquid and less pleasant to the taste. However, it is recommended to use milk together with cream. The cream should be of medium fat content, resulting in a consistency that is not too thick and not too runny.
- You can add salt or pepper to taste.
- The resulting mass is mixed very thoroughly.
- Next you need to form the sausages themselves.
Chicken breast sausages
The easiest option is to use ordinary cling film as a film for sausages, which is twisted so that it is tightly tied at the bottom. The mixture is placed into the resulting shell and the film is twisted on top.
It is imperative to ensure that the shell is dense and tightly twisted.
Place a pan of water over high heat. Bring to a boil, then add sausages to it. Boil them for fifteen to twenty minutes, cool. After the sausages have cooled, they are ready to eat - you can remove the film from them and serve.